CHAPTER-5
LOGICAL DIAGRAMS
Directions: The diagrams shown below represents 3 segments of society over lapping each other viz.
Circle - Educated youth
Triangle - Unemployed youth
Square - Employed youth
Based on the above relationships given in the diagram you have to point out which number represents the following statements.
5
3 1
2 4
6
1. Some Education youths are employed.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
2. Some youths are neither educated nor employed.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
3. Some educated youths are not employed
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
4. Some employed youths are not educated
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Directions (5-14): The diagram shown below represent; four types of literates which knows English, Hindi, Punjabi and Urdu. If we are given values for A, B, C, d such as A=40; C=2A; E=A/2 and G=2E. Based on above information try to solve question which follow:
ENLGISH A B C HINDI
I J
H M D
L K
PUNJABI G F E URDU
5. People who can read and write Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi are represented by
(A)A (B)D (C)K (D)E (E)F
6. People who can read and write all the languages are represented by
(A)L (B)J (C)M (D)K (E)I
7. People who can read and write al the languages except Urdu are represented by
(A)K (B)M (C)B (D)I (E)D
8. People who cannot read and write English, Hindi and Punjabi are represented by?
(A)L (B)K (C)C (D)E (E)F
9. People who cannot read and write Urdu and Punjabi, but are conversant with English and Hindi both are represented by?
(A)M (B)B (C)J (D)K (E)M
10. People who do not know English and Hindi but are familiar with Urdu and Punjabi both are represented by
(A)F (B)G (C)E (D)K (E)M
11. Which language is known by maximum number of people as per above diagram?
(A)Punjabi (B)English (C)Hindi (D)Urdu (E)Can’t be determined
12. How many people know only Urdu?
(A)40 (B)10 (C)20 (D)60 (E)50
13. How many people know Urdu or Punjabi?
(A)40 (B)20 (C)80 (D)60 (E)65
14. How many people can read and write only one language except Punjabi?
(A)12 (B)140 (C)100 (D)160 (E)180
Direction: (Ques. 15 to 16) Following question are based on the diagram given below where each square represents a class/group of people:
A 1
B
F 2
D C
E
G 3
15. College students who are artists but not dancers are represented by
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) F
16. Artists who are neither dancers nor college students are represented by
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) F (E) E
17. College students who are dancers but not artists are represented by
(A) B (B) C (C) F (D) E (E) D
18. College students who are artists as well as dancers are
(A) B (B) C (C) D (D) E (E) A
19. College students who are neither dancers nor artists are represented by
(A) B (B) D (C) A (D) E (E) C
20. College students who are neither dancers nor artists are represented by
(A) B (B) D (C) A (D) E (E) C
Questions (21-24): Refer to the following diagram
History 16
Mathematics 14 13 12
9 18 20 18 9
15 13 16 Geography
19 Science
21. The number of students who took any three of the four subjects
(A) 64 (B) 62 (C) 61 (D) 64 (E) 6
22. The number of students in total who took History or Mathematics or Science was
(A) 183 (B) 480 (C) 262 (D) 340 (E) 195
23. The number of students who took both History and Geography among other subjects was
(A) 60 (B) 65 (C) 66 (D) 62 (E) 63
24. Which subject was taken by the largest number of students?
(A) Science (B) History (C) geography (D) Mathematics (E) Cannot be determined
Questions (25-26): Refer to the following diagram:
Government employees
Urban people
Graduates
Teachers
25. Which of the following statements is true?
(A) All urban peoples are graduates.
(B) All graduates are urbans.
(C) All urban government employees are graduates.
(D) All teachers are urban people.
26. Choose the correct statement.
(A) There are some Urban teachers who are government employees as well as graduate.
(B) No teacher is a government employees.
(C) Al graduates are government employees.
(D) All government employees are urban people.
27. Mark the correct statement.
(A) All non-urban teachers are government employees.
(B) All urban government employees are teachers.
(C) There are some non-urban graduates who are neither teachers nor government employees.
(D) All urban government employees are graduates.
28. Which of the following statements is true?
(A) Some government employees are rural.
(B) Al teachers are urban.
(C) Teachers who are government employees are urban.
(D) All government employees are urban people.
Directions (29-33): The following five questions are based on the following diagram in which the triangle represents female graduates, small circle represents self-employed females and the big circle represents self-employed females with bank loan facility. Numbers are shown in the different sections of the diagram. On the basis of these numbers, answer the following:
29. How many female graduates are self-employed?
(a) 20
(b) 15
(c) 13
(d) 12
30. How many non-graduate females are self-employed?
(a) 11
(b) 12
(c) 21
(d) 9
31. How many non-graduate self-employed females are with bank loan facility?
(a) 9
(b) 12
(c) 8
(d) 3
32. How many self-employed female graduates are with bank loan facility?
(a) 12
(b) 5
(c) 7
(d) 20
33. How many female graduates are not self-employed?
(a) 15
(b) 12
(c) 10
(d) 4
Directions (34-37) : The following questions are based on the diagram given below:
(i) The rectangle represents govt. employees.
(ii) The triangle represents urban people
(iii) The circle represents graduates
(iv) The square represents clerks.
34. Which of the following statements is true?
(a) All govt. employees are clerks
(b) Some govt. employees are graduates as well as clerks
(c) All govt. employees are graduates
(d) All clerks are govt. employees but not graduates
35. Choose the correct statements
(a) No clerk is from urban areas
(b) Some clerks are govt. employees
(c) All graduates are from urban areas
(d) All graduates are govt. employees
36. Which number represents clerks, who are govt. employees but neither graduates nor live in urban areas?
(a) 2
(b) 9
(c) 10
(d) None of these
37. Which of the following numbers represents urban govt. employees, who are graduate but not clerk?
(a) 5
(b) 9
(c) 4
(d) 10
Directions(38-44): Read the following information carefully, and answer the questions based on it:
In the following questions answers are based on the diagram given below, where the triangle represents doctors, the circle represents players and the rectangle represents the artists.
38. Which numbered space in the diagram represents doctors, who are also players and artists?
(a) 5
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 6
39. Which numbered space in the diagram represents artists, who are neither players nor doctors?
(a) 1
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 2
40. Which numbered space represents doctors, who are players but not artists?
(a) 5
(b) 4
(c) 3
(d) 2
41. Which numbered space in diagram represents artists, who are players?
(a) 7
(b) 8
(c) 6
(d) 4
42. Which numbered space represents players, who are neither artists nor doctors?
(a) 1, 2
(b) 3, 4
(c) 7, 8
(d) 6, 7
43. Which numbered space in the fig. represents doctors, who are players as well as artists?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 6
(d) 7
44. In the following diagram, parallelogram represents women, triangle represents sub-inspectors of police and circle represents graduates. Which numbered are represents women graduate sub-inspectors of police?
a. 3
b. 5
c. 13
d. 8
20
CHAPTER-6
CODING-DECODING
Examples
Example1. In a certain code, PAPER is written as SCTGW. How is MOTHER written in that code?
(a) POXJJT
(b) ORVLGW
(c) PQXKJV
(d) PQVJGT
Solution. PQXKJV. The letters at the odd positions are moved three, four and five steps forward, while the letters at the even positions are each moved two steps forward, to get the corresponding letters of the code.
Example 2. In a certain code,
(a) SQBHOHOH
(b) UQBJOHHO
(c) UQBHOHOF
(d) UQBJOHOH
Solution. UQBHOHOF. The letters at the odd position are moved one step forward while the letters at the even positions are moved one step back to get the corresponding letters of the code.
Example 3. If in a certain language.
(a) BOMBYA
(b) BOMYAB
(c)
(d) BOBAMY
Solution. BOMBYA. Each letter of the word is four steps behind the corresponding letter of the code.
Example 4. If D = 4 and COVER = 63 then BASIS = ?
(a) 55
(b) 54
(c) 50
(d) 49
Solution. 50. In the given code A = 1, B = 2, C = 3 … so that,
COVER = 3 + 15 + 22 + 5 + 18 = 63
BASIS = 2 + 1 + 19 + 9 + 19 = 50
Example 5. In a certain code, 15789 is written as XTZAL and 2346 is written as NPSU. How is 23549 written in that code?
(a) NPTSL
(b) NPTUL
(c) NBTSL
(d) PNTSL
Solution. NPTSL. The numbers coded as
1 5 7 8 9 2 3 4 6
X T Z A L N P S U
That is 2 as N, 3 as P, 5 as T, 4 as S and 9 as L. Thus 23549 coded as NPTSL.
Example 6. If cloud is called white, white is called rain, rain is called green is called air, air is called blue and blue is called water, where will the birds fly?
(a) Air
(b) Cloud
(c) Blue
(d) Rain
Solution. Blue. The birds fly in the ‘air’ and ‘air’ is called ‘blue’. So the birds fly in the ‘blue’.
Example 7. In a certain code language, ‘dom pul ta’ means ‘bring hot food’; ‘pul fir sop’ means ‘food is good’ and ‘tak da sop’ means ‘good bright boy’, which of the following does mean ‘hot’ in that language?
(a) dom
(b) pul
(c) ta
(d) can’t determined
Solution. Can’t determined. The code for ‘food’ from the first and second statements can be determined. To find the code for hot, we need the code for ‘bring’ which can not be determined from the given information.
Example 8. In a certain code, ‘37’ means ‘which class’ and ‘583’ means ‘caste and class’. What is the code for ‘Caste’?
(a) 3
(b) 7
(c) 8
(d) Either 5 or 8
Solution. Either 5 or 8. In the both statements, the common code digit is 3 and common word is ‘class’ so ‘3’ means ‘class’. Thus in the second statement, either 5 or 8 stands for ‘caste’.
Exercise 6 (A)
Directions : In each of the following questions, find out the correct answer from the given alternatives.
1. IF LEARNING is written as MGDVSOUO then SURPRISE would be:
(a) TWUTWOAL
(b) TWUTWOZM
(c) TWVUXPAN
(d) TWUSVNZK
2. If SUNDAY is coded as XZCMTR then PAYMENT would be:
(a) RPNDZOJ
(b) QBZNFOU
(c) SMDLXZO
(d) TNEMYAP
3. If TAP is coded as SZO, then how is FREEZE coded?
(a) EQDDYD
(b) ESDFYF
(c) GQFDYF
(d) EQDFYG
4. In a certain code, FORGE is written as FPTJI. How is CULPRIT written in that code?
(a) CXOSULW
(b) CVNSVNZ
(c) CVMQSTU
(d) CSJNPGR
5. If victory is coded as YLFWRUB, how can success be coded?
(a) VXFFHVV
(b) VXEEIVV
(c) VYEFIVV
(d) VYEEHVV
6. In a certain code SOCIAL is written as TQFMER, then how you will code DIMPLE?
(a) EKPTQK
(b) EKPQPJ
(c) EKPSPJ
(d) EKPSOH
7. In a certain code SOCIAL is written as TQFMER, then how you will code DIMPLE?
(a) wtzyv
(b) twxyz
(c) tqwvm
(d) mtuvw
8. If PAINTER is written in a code language as NCGPRGP, then REASON would be written as :
(a) PCYQMN
(b) PGYQMN
(c) PGYUMP
(d) PGYUPM
9. If CIGARETTE is coded as GICERAETT. Then DIRECTION will be coded as :
(a) RIDTCENOI
(b) NORTECDII
(c) IRDCTIONE
(d) NOIETCRID
10. If DIAMOND is coded as VQYMKLV, how is FEMALE coded as:
(a) UVNZOV
(b) TUMYNU
(c) TUMZOU
(d) TVNYNV
11. If in a certain language, REMOTE is coded as ROTEME, which word would be coded as PNIICC?
(a) PICCIN
(b) PINCIC
(c) PICNIC
(d) PICINC
12. If in a certain code, COVET is written as FRYHW, which word would be written as SHDUO?
(a) REPAY
(b)
(c) QUAKE
(d) STINK
13. If PAINT is coded as 74128 and EXCEL is coded as 93596, then how would you encode ACCEPT?
(a) 547978
(b) 554978
(c) 735961
(d) 455978
14. If
(a) 832252
(b) 835545
(c) 381191
(d) 381171
15. If LINGER is 123456 and FORCE is 56789, then FIERCE is:
(a) 345667
(b) 345677
(c) 456678
(d) 556789
16. If SHARP is coded 58034 and PUSH as 4658, then RUSH is coded as :
(a) 3583
(b) 3685
(c) 3658
(d) 3568
17. If MASTER is coded as 411259, then POWDER will be coded as:
(a) 765459
(b) 765439
(c) 765549
(d) 765439
18. In certain code language 35796 is written as 44887. How is 46823 written in that code?
(a) 55934
(b) 55914
(c) 55714
(d) 57914
19. In a certain code language 24685 is written as 44887. How is 35791 written in that code?
(a) 44880
(b) 46682
(c) 44682
(d) 44826
20. If AT = 20, BAT = 40 then CAT will be equal to:
(a) 30
(b) 60
(c) 50
(d) 70
21. If ROSE is coded as 6821, CHAIR is coded as 73456 and PREACH is coded as 961473, what will be the code for SEARCH?
(a) 246173
(b) 216473
(c) 214673
(d) 214763
22. If in a certain language, 943 is coded as BED, and 12448 is coded as SWEET, how is 492311 coded in that language?
(a) EDSWBS
(b) DSWTEE
(c) EBWDSS
(d) TSWBDD
23. If according to a certain code, PAINTER is written as 3528617, then TANRPEI is coded as?
(a) 6587312
(b) 6583721
(c) 9385472
(d) 9385427
24. If PLANETS is written as 4823579, then SNLEPAT would be coded as:
(a) 9385247
(b) 9384527
(c) 9385472
(d) 9385427
25. If water is called food, food is called is tree, tree is called sky, sky is called wall, on which of the following grows a fruit?
(a) sky
(b) tree
(c) water
(d) food
26. If sky is called sea, sea is called water, water is called air, air is called cloud and cloud is called river, then what do we drink when thirsty?
(a) sky
(b) water
(c) air
(d) sea
27. In a certain code language ‘389’ means ‘run very fast’ ‘964’ means ‘come back fast’ and ‘487’ means ‘run and come’. Which digit in the language means ‘come’?
(a) 9
(b) 4
(c) 7
(d) 8
28. In ‘nitco sco tingo’ means ‘softer than flower”; ‘tingo rho mst’ means ‘sweet flower fragrance’ and ‘mst’ sco tmp’ means ‘sweet than smile’, what would ‘fragrance’ stand for?
(a) rho
(b) tmp
(c) sco
(d) mst
29. If ‘nso pir kli chn’ stands for ‘Sapna’ gets marriage gift? ‘ptr lnm wop chn’ stands for ‘wife gives marriage gift’, ‘tti wop nhi’ stands for ‘he gives nothing’, what would means ‘gives’?
(a) wop
(b) ptr
(c) nhi
(d) chn
30. In a certain code language ‘bi nie pie’ means ‘some good jokes’; ‘nie bat tik; means ‘some real stories’ and ‘pie lik tal’ means ‘many good stories’. Which word in that code means ‘jokes’?
(a) nie
(b) pie
(c) bi
(d) None of these
31. In a certain code language, ‘Tom Kun Sub’ means ‘Dogs are barking’; ‘Kun Jo Mop; means ‘Dogs and horses’ and ‘Must Tom Ko’ means ‘Donkeys are mad’. Which word in that language means ‘barking’?
(a) Kun
(b) Sud
(c) Tom
(d) Ko
32. If ‘isn lto inm’ stands for ‘neat and tidy’; ‘qpr inm sen’ stands for ‘small but neat’ and ‘hsm sen rso’ stands for ‘good but erratic’, what would ‘but’ stand for?
(a) qpr
(b) sen
(c) inm
(d) hsm
33. If ‘col tip mot’ means ‘singing is appreciable’; ‘mot baj min’ means ‘dancing is good’ and ‘tip nop baj’ means singing and dancing’. Which of the following means ‘good’ is that code language?
(a) min
(b) baj
(c) not
(d) None of these
Directions (Qs.34-37) : According to a certain code : ‘I received a letter,’ we saw an aircraft’. ‘John loves long letters’, means ‘captain saw blue flag’. ‘I like long one’, means ‘we believe the captain’.
34. What does the word ‘received’ in the code mean?
(a) we
(b) saw
(c) aircraft
(d) blue
35. What word is coded as ‘believe”?
(a) I
(b) Like
(c) Long
(d) one
36. What does John mean?
(a) aircraft
(b) captain
(c) blue
(d) is
37. What will be the code for ‘The captain’?
(a) Long letter
(b) Received one
(c) Loves long
(d) Long me
38. In a certain code language, ‘po ki top ma’ means ‘usha is playing cards’; ‘Kop ja ki ma’ means ‘Asha is playing is tennis’; ‘ki top sop ho’ means ‘they are playing football; and ‘po sur kop ho’ means ‘cards and tennis’. Which word in that language means ‘Asha’?
(a) Kop
(b) Top
(c) Ja
(d) Ki
Directions (Qs. 39-41) : In a certain code, ‘il be pee’ means ‘roses are blue’; ‘sik hee means ‘red flowers’ and ‘pee mit hee’ means ‘flowers are vegetables’.
39. How is ‘red’ written in that code?
(a) Be
(b) Hee
(c) Sik
(d) None of these
40. How is ‘roses’ written in that code?
(a) il
(b) Pee
(c) Be
(d) Pee
41. How is ‘vegetables are red flowers’ written in this code?
(a) Pee sik nut hee
(b) Sik pee hee be
(c) il sik mi thee
(d) None of these
Directions (Qs. 42-43) : According to certain code; ‘po be co fo’ means ‘some students are sharp’ ‘lo mo jo bo’ means ‘many teachers are dull’ ‘wo co lo zo’ means ‘Dull students need training ‘mo zo ho po’ means ‘some teachers need test’.
42. The code for ‘many students’ would be
(a) Co mo
(b) Co jo
(c) Jo fo
(d) Fo zo
43. The code ‘zo wo jo mo’means
(a) Some teachers need training
(b) Some students need rest
(c) Some teachers are sharp
(d) Many teachers need training.
Directions (Qs.44-45) : if according to a certain code : ‘mar tar gar zar’ means ‘Can we start immediately’. ‘har zar par dar’ means ‘No you start tomorrow’. ‘dar sar kar tar’ means ‘Can you come here’. ‘yar par mar sar’ means ‘No we stay here’.
44. What is the code for ‘stay’?
(a) Yar
(b) Par
(c) Mar
(d) Sar
45. What does ‘dar’ mean?
(a) No
(b) Can
(c) You
(d) Start
46. In a certain code, ‘467’ means ‘leaves are green’; ‘485’ means ‘green is good’ and ‘639’ means ‘they are playing’. Which digit stands for ‘leaves’ in that code?
(a) 4
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 3
47. In a certain code language, 479’ means ‘fruit is sweet’; ‘248’ means ‘very sweet voice’ and ‘637’ means ‘eat fruit daily’. Which digit stands for ‘is’ in that code?
(a) 9
(b) 7
(c) 4
(d) None of these.
48. In a certain code ‘786, means ‘study very hard’. ‘958’ means ‘hard work pays; and ‘645’ means ‘study and work’. Which of the following is the code for ‘very’?
(a) 8
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) None of these
49. In a certain code language, ‘3a, 2b, 7c’ means ‘truth is Eternal’; ‘7c, 9a, 8b, 3a’ means ‘Enmity is not Eternal and ‘9a, 4d, 2b, 8b’ means ‘truth does not Peresh’. Which of the following means ‘enemity’ in that language:
(a) 3a
(b) 7c
(c) 8b
(d) 9a
Directions (Qs 50-51) :
(A) ‘134’ means ‘you are well’;
(B) ‘758’ means ‘they go home’;
(C) ‘839’ means ‘we are home’;
50. Which of the following represents ‘they’ in that code language?
(a) 5
(b) 7
(c) 3
(d) Data inadequate
51. Which of the statements can be dispensed with while answering the above question
(a) A only
(b) B only
(c) B and C only
(d) A or C only
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